If you’re a fan of Southern cuisine, then chow chow—a classic, tangy relish—might just become your new favorite condiment. Known for its unique blend of vegetables and spices, this relish has a long history rooted in Southern and Appalachian food traditions. Generally, it’s served as a topping or side dish, adding a burst of flavor to BBQ, hot dogs, grilled meats, and even beans. In this guide, you’ll find everything you need to know about chow chow, from its origins to step-by-step instructions on making it yourself.
Chow chow’s roots run deep, tracing back to Southern and Appalachian communities where preserving vegetables was essential at the end of the harvest season. Since it combines various vegetables like cabbage, green tomatoes, peppers, and onions, it offers a rich and diverse taste profile. You’ll discover that regional variations bring either a sweet, tangy flavor or a spicy, savory profile to chow chow.
What is Chow Chow?
Chow chow is a type of pickled relish that combines a range of vegetables into a tangy, flavorful condiment. Due to its roots in the Southern United States and influences from Appalachian and Pennsylvania Dutch traditions, chow chow’s flavor can vary by region. In the South, it often includes cabbage, green tomatoes, and peppers, while Northern versions may add carrots, cauliflower, or beans.
For many families, chow chow is a traditional recipe that has been handed down through generations. Originally created to preserve vegetables, it has become a staple due to its versatility as a side or topping. Consequently, chow chow remains a favorite throughout the South, where it pairs wonderfully with BBQ dishes and sandwiches, offering a flavorful contrast to savory meals.
Key Ingredients in Chow Chow
Here’s what you’ll need to create the perfect chow chow:
- Green Tomatoes: Adds tanginess and texture.
- Cabbage: Provides a crunchy base for the relish.
- Peppers: Bell peppers add sweetness, while jalapeños bring a touch of heat.
- Onions: Offers depth and a subtle sweetness.
- Spices and Seasoning: Mustard seeds, celery seeds, vinegar for acidity, sugar, and salt to balance flavors.
Each ingredient plays a unique role in chow chow’s overall taste. Additionally, many recipes allow for customization, depending on regional preferences or personal taste.
Health Benefits of Chow Chow Ingredients
Beyond its flavor, chow chow offers nutritional benefits due to the variety of fresh vegetables it contains. Specifically, cabbage and green tomatoes are excellent sources of vitamin C, while onions and peppers provide antioxidants that help fight inflammation. In addition, pickling vegetables enhances gut health by encouraging the growth of beneficial probiotics. To explore more details on the health benefits of pickled foods, check out this Health Benefits of Fermented Vegetables.
Types of Chow Chow: Sweet vs. Spicy
There are two main types of chow chow: sweet and spicy. These variations reflect regional traditions in chow chow preparation, so you can choose based on your taste preferences.
- Sweet Chow Chow: Known for its milder, sweeter flavor, this version contains added sugar to balance the vinegar’s tanginess. Additionally, it pairs well with BBQ and grilled meats.
- Spicy Chow Chow: This version includes hot peppers or additional spices like cayenne for a spicy kick, making it ideal for those who enjoy heat.
Each type complements a variety of dishes, allowing you to find the one that best matches your taste.
How to Make Chow Chow: Step-by-Step Recipe
Making chow chow is a simple process. While it does require some preparation, it results in a flavorful relish that you can enjoy for months.
Ingredients:
- 4 cups green tomatoes, chopped
- 2 cups cabbage, finely chopped
- 1 cup bell pepper, diced
- 1 cup onion, diced
- 2 tbsp mustard seeds
- 1 tbsp celery seeds
- 1 ½ cups vinegar (apple cider or white)
- 1 cup sugar (adjust for sweetness preference)
- 2 tbsp salt
1: Prepare the Vegetables
- First, chop the green tomatoes, cabbage, peppers, and onions into small, even pieces.
- Then, place all chopped vegetables in a large mixing bowl. Sprinkle with salt, mix well, and allow them to sit overnight to draw out excess moisture.
2: Drain and Rinse
- The next day, drain any excess liquid from the vegetables. Afterward, rinse thoroughly under cold water, and pat them dry to remove any remaining moisture.
3: Cook the Chow Chow
- In a big pot, mix together the vegetables, vinegar, sugar, mustard seeds, and celery seeds. Stir to mix thoroughly.
- Bring the mixture to a boil. After reaching a boil, reduce the heat to a simmer for about 30 minutes, stirring occasionally. The relish should soften and absorb the flavors as it cooks.
4: Canning and Storing
- While the mixture is still warm, gently spoon the chow chow into sterilized jars, leaving around 1/2 inch of headspace at the top. Seal jars tightly with lids.
- For a longer shelf life, process jars in a water bath for 10 minutes. If you’re unfamiliar with canning, refer to this Guide to Canning Vegetables for step-by-step instructions.
- Store jars in a cool, dark place. Once opened, refrigerate the chow chow for optimal freshness.
Chow Chow Recipe Variations
Here are some popular variations to personalize your chow chow recipe:
- Sweet Chow Chow: For added sweetness, increase sugar, omit spicy ingredients, and consider adding a touch of honey.
- Spicy Chow Chow: For a bit of heat, add diced jalapeños or cayenne pepper.
- Vegan & Sugar-Free Options: Substitute sugar with coconut sugar or a natural sweetener like monk fruit.
- Alternative Ingredients: Try adding carrots, cauliflower, or radishes to experiment with different flavors and textures.
Serving Suggestions
Chow chow’s versatility makes it easy to incorporate into various dishes:
- BBQ: Adds tanginess that complements smoked meats perfectly.
- Sandwiches: Works as a topping for pulled pork sandwiches or burgers.
- Beans: Serve with a side of black-eyed peas or baked beans for a classic Southern meal.
- Salads: Mix chow chow into potato or pasta salads for a unique flavor boost.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the origin of chow chow?
Chow chow originated as a way to preserve end-of-season vegetables in Southern and Appalachian regions of the United States. Influenced by immigrant communities, particularly the Pennsylvania Dutch and Appalachians, this relish has roots in long-standing traditions of pickling vegetables.
Can chow chow be stored without canning?
Yes, chow chow can be refrigerated and stored for several weeks without canning. However, canning significantly extends its shelf life, allowing you to enjoy it for up to a year.
How long can chow chow be stored in the fridge?
Once opened, chow chow will last up to 3 weeks in the refrigerator. However, properly sealed jars can last up to a year when stored correctly.
Can I make chow chow less spicy or sweeter?
Absolutely! Adjust the sugar and vinegar to achieve the desired sweetness or spice level. To reduce heat, simply omit spicy peppers.
What other vegetables can be used in chow chow?
In addition to traditional ingredients, you can add vegetables like cauliflower, radish, or carrots for a unique twist on the classic recipe.
Storage and Shelf Life
To store chow chow properly and ensure maximum freshness, follow these tips:
- Room Temperature: Store sealed jars in a cool, dark place for up to 1 year.
- Refrigerator: Once opened, keep chow chow refrigerated and consume within 3 weeks.
- Freezing: Chow chow can be frozen for extended storage, though its texture may change slightly upon thawing.
Final Tips and Summary
Making chow chow relish at home is a fantastic way to enjoy the flavors of Southern cuisine while preserving fresh vegetables. Whether you prefer it sweet, spicy, or somewhere in between, this versatile relish can be customized to suit your taste. Chow chow pairs beautifully with BBQ, sandwiches, salads, and more, adding a tangy, flavorful punch to any meal.
Enjoy making and serving this classic Southern chow chow, and savor the taste of a tradition that has delighted generations!
Chow Chow Recipe
Ingredients
- 4 cups green tomatoes chopped
- 2 cups cabbage finely chopped
- 1 cup bell pepper diced
- 1 cup onion diced
- 2 tbsp mustard seeds
- 1 tbsp celery seeds
- 1 ½ cups vinegar apple cider or white
- 1 cup sugar adjust for sweetness preference
- 2 tbsp salt
Instructions
- 1: Prepare the Vegetables
- First, chop the green tomatoes, cabbage, peppers, and onions into small, even pieces.
- Then, place all chopped vegetables in a large mixing bowl. Sprinkle with salt, mix well, and allow them to sit overnight to draw out excess moisture.
- 2: Drain and Rinse
- The next day, drain any excess liquid from the vegetables. Afterward, rinse thoroughly under cold water, and pat them dry to remove any remaining moisture.
- 3: Cook the Chow Chow
- In a big pot, mix together the vegetables, vinegar, sugar, mustard seeds, and celery seeds. Stir to mix thoroughly.
- Bring the mixture to a boil. After reaching a boil, reduce the heat to a simmer for about 30 minutes, stirring occasionally. The relish should soften and absorb the flavors as it cooks.
- 4: Canning and Storing
- While the mixture is still warm, gently spoon the chow chow into sterilized jars, leaving around 1/2 inch of headspace at the top. Seal jars tightly with lids.
- For a longer shelf life, process jars in a water bath for 10 minutes. If you’re unfamiliar with canning, refer to this Guide to Canning Vegetables for step-by-step instructions.
- Store jars in a cool, dark place. Once opened, refrigerate the chow chow for optimal freshness.
Notes
- Use fresh, firm vegetables for the best crunch and flavor in your chow chow.
- This relish can be stored in the fridge for several weeks or canned for longer shelf life.
- Adjust the sugar and vinegar to your taste for a sweeter or tangier result.
- Chow Chow is ideal for barbecues and potlucks as a unique and flavorful topping.